Medical Conditions in Dentistry
How systemic conditions change dental treatment — risk levels, drug considerations, and management planning for dental students.
High risk · 33
Hypertension (uncontrolled / hypertensive urgency)Ischemic heart disease (stable angina, recent/old MI)Heart failure (compensated vs decompensated)Valvular heart disease / Prosthetic heart valvesPatients on anticoagulants/antiplateletsCongenital heart disease (high-risk lesions/repairs)Pulmonary hypertensionCOPD (moderate-severe; oxygen dependence)Active upper respiratory infection (URI)Chronic hypoxemia / home oxygen patientsInterstitial lung disease / pulmonary fibrosisStroke / TIA historyMyasthenia gravisNeuromuscular disorders (ALS, muscular dystrophy)Adrenal insufficiency / chronic steroid therapyOsteoporosis on antiresorptives (MRONJ risk)Chronic kidney disease (CKD stages 3-5)End-stage renal disease (hemodialysis/peritoneal)Renal transplant recipientsCirrhosis (compensated / decompensated)Acute hepatitis / markedly abnormal LFTsLiver-related coagulopathyPatients on anticoagulants/antiplateletsHemophilia A/BThrombocytopenia (ITP, drug-induced, malignancy)Sickle cell diseaseChronic liver-related GI bleeding riskHIV (advanced / immunosuppressed)Organ transplant recipientsHistory of IE / high-risk cardiac conditions requiring prophylaxisPregnancy (1st trimester) — nausea/vomiting + medication safetyPregnancy — high caries risk + gingivitis changesAsplenia / functional asplenia
Moderate risk · 37
Arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, SVT, ventricular)Cardiac implantable devices (pacemaker/ICD)Asthma (severe / steroid-dependent / NSAID-sensitive)Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)History of bronchospasm with NSAIDs (AERD)Epilepsy / seizure disordersParkinson's diseaseDementia / Alzheimer's / cognitive impairmentMultiple sclerosisDiabetes mellitus (Type 1 / Type 2)Thyroid disease (hyper/hypothyroidism)Nephrotic syndromeChronic hepatitis B (CHB)Von Willebrand diseaseAnemia (mild vs severe)Peptic ulcer disease / GI bleeding historyInflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's / UC)Active hepatitis B/CBiologic/immunomodulator therapyPregnancy (3rd trimester) — supine hypotension + late pregnancy constraintsPeripheral arterial disease (PAD)Cardiomyopathies (HCM, DCM, restrictive)Heart transplant recipientsPneumonia (current / recent)Cystic fibrosis (CF)MigraineAutonomic dysfunction (orthostatic hypotension, POTS)Cushing's syndrome / chronic glucocorticoid exposureHormonal therapy considerations (GAHT, HRT)Significant renal impairment — dose-adjustment engineChronic hepatitis C (CHC / DAA therapy)Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD)NAFLD / NASH with impaired hepatic functionHistory of thromboembolism / thrombophiliaBariatric surgery historySevere nausea / vomiting disordersPatients on chemotherapy (neutropenia/thrombocytopenia/mucositis)
General · 8
Low risk · 5
Dentalverse is an educational resource for dental students and dentists. This page is a study reference — it is not medical advice and does not replace clinical judgment. Always follow your institution's protocols and your supervisor's guidance.